Traction Control

Traction Control

The following calculated runtimes are generated by Emtron that are Traction Control related (to be further discussed more specifically): 

    Traction Status         –     The working status of the traction control 

    Traction Control State    -    The working state of the traction control

    Ign Traction Trim     -     Ignition advance compensation 

    Traction Target         -     %Slip Target when Traction Control is active

    Traction Feedforward     -     % feed forward when Traction Control is active

    Traction Target Error     –     The total drive slip percentage above/below the Traction Target 

    Traction PID         –     Proportional, Integral, and Derivative gains 

    Traction Limit Request     –     Status of Traction Control being utilized in real-time

    Traction Target Table     –     Active traction target table 

    Drive Slip Calculation     –     Percentage of slip between defined speed channels

    Outputshaft Slip        -    Percentage of slip between Outputshaft speed source and Ideal

    Outputshaft Ideal Speed    -    Outputshaft Ideal Speed as defined by look up table

    Traction RPM Target    -    Outputshaft Source calculates Engine Speed

** All these runtimes can be utilized within other functions of Emtron.  

** Traction Target Error for example can offset torque management functions (DBW target, Pedal Demand clamps, etc) 

Slip Channel Mode

Emtron has two methods of generating slip channels so the traction control function can work

  • Config, Function Setup, Motorsport Functions, Traction Control, Tuning, Motorsport Functions, Traction Control: 

%Slip (Drive Speed)

%Slip (Outputshaft Speed)

Image Image

%Slip (Drive Speed)

Drive Speed % Slip Calculation compares two speed channels to derive %Slip

Drive Slip%  =  (Speed  Channel 1 - Speed  Channel 2) / Speed  Channel 2

** Runtimes for Speed Channels must be pre-configured under inputs

Configure Drive Slip Calculation system via 

  • Tuning, Vehicle Functions, Vehicle Dynamics, Drive Slip Calculation

Speed Channel 1

Select which calculated runtime is to be used for Speed Channel 1

** Speed Channel 1 = Normally Driven Speed Channel

0: OFF

1: Drive Speed

2: Ground Speed

3: Drive Speed Front L

4: Drive Speed Front R

5: Drive Speed Rear L

6: Drive Speed Rear R

7: Undriven Speed Front L

8: Undriven Speed Front R

9: Undriven Speed Rear L

10: Undriven Speed Rear R

11: Front Axle Speed

12: Rear  Axle Speed

13: Vehicle Speed

14: Engine Speed

Speed Channel 2

Select which calculated runtime is to be used for Speed Channel 2

** Speed Channel 2 = Normally Undriven Speed Channel

0: OFF

1: Drive Speed

2: Ground Speed

3: Drive Speed Front L

4: Drive Speed Front R

5: Drive Speed Rear L

6: Drive Speed Rear R

7: Undriven Speed Front L

8: Undriven Speed Front R

9: Undriven Speed Rear L

10: Undriven Speed Rear R

11: Front Axle Speed

12: Rear  Axle Speed

13: Vehicle Speed

14: Engine Speed

Slip Calculation Filter

Filters the Slip Calculation to help smooth out any pulsations

Typcial Value: 6 ( 0 = OFF)

Range: 0 - 20

%Slip (Outputshaft Speed)

Outputshaft Speed % Slip Calculation compares an Outputshaft Speed source vs an Outputshaft Speed Ideal table to derive %Slip

Outputshaft Slip%  =  (Outputshaft Source - Outputshaft  Speed  “Ideal”) / Outputshaft Speed “Ideal”

** Outputshaft Source options are :

- Outputshaft Speed Channel = ECU input using the selected source channel.

- Outputshaft Speed Calculated = Speed reverse calculated from the Wheel Speed and Final Drive Ratio

Configure Outputshaft Speed Slip system via 

  • Tuning, Vehicle Functions, Vehicle Dynamics, Outputshaft Speed Slip 

Slip Calculation Filter

Filters the Slip Calculation to help smooth out any pulsations

Typcial Value: 6 ( 0 = OFF)

Range: 0 - 15

Outputshaft Slip Source Channel 

0: Outputshaft Speed

1: Outputshaft Speed Calculated

***- Outputshaft Speed Channel = ECU input using the selected source channel.

***- Outputshaft Speed Calculated = Speed reverse calculated from the Wheel Speed and Final Drive Ratio

Traction Control Setup

Limit Type

Sets up how the traction control will cuts

0: Fuel Cut Only

1: Ign Cut Ony

2: Fuel Cut + Ign Cut

Cut Pattern

Defines cut pattern

0: Random Pattern 1

1: Random Pattern 2

2: Sequential Pattern 1

3: Sequential Pattern 2

Fuel/Ign %Cut Ratio

Allows the ratio between fuel and ignition %cut to be controlled.

0% = Requested cut all Ignition (no Fuel)

100% = Requested cut all Fuel (no Ign)

** Example: Ratio = 80%

Fuel Cut = 80% of requested Cut

Ign Cut = 20% of requested Cut

** Example: Ratio = 20%

Fuel Cut = 20% of requested Cut

Ign Cut = 80% of requested Cut

Traction RPM Target : Outputshaft Source

Channel used to calculate the Traction RPM Target

0: Outputshaft Speed Channel

1: Outputshaft Speed Calculated

2: Outputshaft Speed Ideal

- Outputshaft Speed Channel = ECU input using the selected source channel.

- Outputshaft Speed Calculated = This is the speed reverse calculated from the Wheel Speed and Final Drive Ratio

- Outputshaft Speed Ideal = This is the speed setup using the 2D Output Shaft Ideal Speed table

Traction RPM Target : Clutch Slip Channel

Channel used as Clutch Slip to calculate the Traction RPM Target

0: OFF

1: Clutch Slip

2: Clutch Slip Calculated

- Clutch Slip = Clutch Slip = (Engine Speed - Input Shaft Speed) / Input Shaft Speed

- Clutch Slip Calculated = Clutch Slip (Calculated) = (Engine Speed - Input Shaft Speed Calculated) / Input Shaft Speed Calculated

Traction RPM Target : Traction Slip Target    

This enables the Traction Slip Target to correct the Traction RPM Target

0: OFF

1: %Slip Target

Example: Output Shaft Speed = 2000 RPM

Clutch Slip = 21%    

Gear Ratio = 2.056

Traction Slip Target = 8%

Traction RPM Target = 2000 x 2.056 x 1.21  x 1.08 = 5373 RPM

Traction Control Lockouts

RPM Lo Lockout

Traction Control will be OFF below this Engine Speed. 

Typical : 1500 RPM 

0 = OFF

RPM Hi Loclout

Traction Control will be OFF above  this Engine Speed. 

Typical :  200 RPM below RPM limit

0 = OFF

TP Lo Lockout

Traction Control will be OFF below this Throttle setting. 

Typical : 5.0 %

0 = OFF

TP Hi Lockout

Traction Control will be OFF above this Throttle setting. 

0 = OFF

%Slip Lo Lockout

Traction Control will be OFF below this %Slip. 

Typical : 5.0 %

User Lockout

Create a custom lockout using a User Channel.

When the channel is ON the lockout is active

Traction Table Control

Selects the active Table Control method of the Traction Control

0: Tables OFF

1: ON - Table 1

2: ON - Table 2

3: ON - Table 3

4: Not Available

5: ON - Cal Slot

6: ON - Z-Axis

Traction Target Tables

These look up table define the amount of %Slip to be maintained by the ECU. Slip below the value will generate a positive Traction Target Error, while slip above the value will generate a negative Traction Target Error.  Slip above the value triggers the ECU to cut engine torque by use of fuel/ignition cuts, timing retard, or other connected functions.  

See the following examples:

Image Image

A simple fixed value for traction control to become active

Image Image

Traction Target vs Front Axle Speed

    ** Rear axle as Drive Speed

Image Image

A more comprehensive table utilizing internal G-Force sensor (Lateral Accel)

    ** Rear axle as Drive Speed

** G-Force sensor must be pre-configured

Traction Slip Offset Tables

Like any other “offset” table in Emtune, these tables add to the main target tables.  Tables can be configured to use any runtime, and spanned in 3D. 

See the following example:

Image Image

A more comprehensive use of the offset table utilizing KV series Internal G-Force sensor (Verticle Force), and a Rotary Position Switch to change the final Slip Target.  

** G-Force sensor must be pre-configured

** Rotary Position Switch must be pre-configured

Ignition Retard Tables

Amount of ignition retard the traction system can employ once the system is active.  Tables can be configured to use any runtime, and spanned in 3D to enhance flexibility. 

See the following example:

Image Image

  

** Gear Recognition must be pre-configured

** Retard is being applied here only when the Traction Target Error is negative, meaning the %slip is above the Traction Target.  

Traction PID setup

Traction Deadband +/-

The output control signal is held constant when the Input Signal (DriveSlip) falls within the deadband range of the Setpoint (Slip Target). This helps reduce steady state error and oscillations.

Typical: 0.20 %

Integral Positive Clamp

Used to clamp the contribution of the integral term in the PID loop and prevent Integal Windup.

Typical Value: 20.0 %

Integral Negative Clamp

Used to clamp the contribution of the integral term in the PID loop and prevent Integal Windup.

Typical Value: - 20.0 %

Slip Target Filter

Filters the Target signal to help smooth out any pulsations

Typcial Value: 6 ( 0 = OFF)

Range: 0 - 10

Feed Forward %Cut Table

Emtron uses a Feedforward Table for a base %Cut for the PID function to operate from.    

This allows for very fast response as the ECU has a basic lookup table for %Cut to function from before the PID is applied.  

See the following example:

Image Image

A more comprehensive use of the Feed Forward %Cut table utilizing the Traction Target Error calculation and gear recognition.  

** Gear Recognition must be pre-configured

Proportional Gain Table

Proportional gain controls how aggressive instantaneous correction must be vs Target Error. 

This parameter can be expanded into a 3D look up table to provide greater accuracy regarding closed loop control.   

Integral Gain Table

Integral gain controls how much adaptive correction is needed.

This parameter can be expanded into a 3D look up table to provide greater accuracy regarding closed loop control.   

Derivative Gain Table

Derivative gain controls predictive correction.  This function is used to prevent overshooting targets by looking at a number of factors like rate of change, and P and I gain. 

This parameter can be expanded into a 3D look up table to provide greater accuracy regarding closed loop control.   

Traction Max Cut Table (% Cut)

This clamps the maximum cut the traction control can apply based on the entered values.  

See the following example:

Image Image

** Rear Axle Speed must be pre-configured